小升初必考语法知识模板

小升初必会语法(17)--in，put on，wear，dress, have o

in，put on，wear，dress, have on, pull on 用法辨析

都含有“穿、戴”之意，但用法不同。

in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。例如：

this is a picture of a young man in a black coat.

这是一张穿着黑色外套的年轻人的照片。这里in a black coat是young man的定语。

he is in a black nylon jacket today. 今天他穿着黑色尼龙夹克。

in a black nylon jacket在这个句子里作表语。

put on “穿上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。例如：

i want you to put on this coat and this hat.

我要你穿这件外套，戴这顶帽子。

put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out.

如果你要出去，穿上你的厚冬衣。

pull on的意思也是“穿上”，带有“匆忙”的意思：

it’s the weekend. i know you’re free. so pull on your jeans and come out with me.

现在是周末，我知道你有空。所以穿上你的牛仔裤，和我一起出去吧。

you’re late! quickly pull on your clothes and leave! 你迟到了!快穿上衣服走吧!

wear “穿着;戴着”，表示状态，宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。例如：

you’d better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes.

穿棕色鞋子的时候, 最好要穿蓝色或黑色裤子。

why does he often wear dark sunglasses? 他为什么经常戴着深色的太阳镜?

dress的宾语通常是人，意思是“给……穿衣服”。dress oneself 或 get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。例如：

my son is now able to dress himself. 我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。

it’s time to wake up and get dressed! 该起床穿衣服了。

be dressed in 的意思是“穿着”，表示状态。

she is dressed in a fur coat. 她穿着毛皮大衣。

dress up的意思是“盛装打扮、乔装打扮”。

i’d like you to dress up for my birthday party tonight.

今晚我希望你为我的生日派对打扮打扮。

young kids often dress up and have fun at halloween.

万圣节前夜，小孩子通常都乔装打扮，玩得很开心。

have on的意思是“穿着，戴着”，例如：

if you're wearing black pants you should have on black shoes and a black belt.

如果你穿着黑色长裤的话，你应该要穿黑色的鞋子，配黑色的皮带。

i’ll have on black pants and a gray shirt tomorrow.

明天我会穿一条黑色的长裤和一件灰色的衬衫。

英语语法经典例题800例：非谓语动词（例题1）

1. everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.

a. enter b. to enter

c. entering d. entered

容易误选a。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。

其实正确答案应是b。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：

(1) they did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。

(2) they did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。

(3) he studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的`同学。

值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：

(4) he ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.

a. to hope b. hope

c. hoping d. hoped

此题的答案是 c不是a，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。

(5) he spent every minute he could _____ spoken english.

a. practise b. to practise

c. practising d. practised

此题答案选 c，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 he spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken english.

(6) before going abroad he devoted all he could ____d____ his oral english.

a. improve b. to improve

c. improving d. to improving

此题答案选d，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。

2. he knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.

a. doing b. to do

c. being doing d. to be done

容易误选b，根据 can’t help doing sth 这一结构推出。

其实答案应选a。比较以下结构：

can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事

can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事

又如下面一题，答案也是 b：

she can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.

a cleaning b. to clean

c. cleaned d. being cleaned

再请看以下试题：

while shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.

a. to persuade b. persuading

c. being persuaded d. be persuaded

此题应选c，句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动形式)。

3. all her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.

a. devoted to do b. devoted to doing

c. devoting to doing d. is devoted to doing

几个干扰项均有可能误选。

此题最佳答案为b。现分析如下：

(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。

(2) 选a错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。

(3) 选b正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。

(4) 选c错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。

(5) 选d错误：若单独看 all her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方