2023年文体学论文文献 文体学论文演讲的(五篇)

文体学论文文献 文体学论文演讲的篇一

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中国论文榜小编根据十几年的经验，今天在这里跟大家分享下：

1文摘的版面位置

在每一篇文献中，文摘应尽量靠前排列。分析，在学术期刊中，文摘应醒目地位于每篇文章或其他摘要款项的首页，最好是位于标题及作者之后的，正文之前按照文献工作-期刊中的文摘专页，将文摘编入“文摘专页”也是很理想的。

在单行本报告中，如有可能的话，文摘应位于题名页上的。如该单行本中有“本报告文献处理专页”，文摘可位于该页。还可以将文摘置于紧接目次表之前的右页上。

在书籍、专著或学位论文中的，文摘应位于书名页的背面，或位于紧接该页的右页面上，至于分属各章(篇)的文摘，应位于各章(篇)的首页，或紧接首页之前的一页。

2有关文献的著录出处资料

在一次出版物中，应在文摘同页适当位置标出原文献的著录出处。例如位于该页篇眉或底栏内。在二次出版物或从某一文献单独复制其文摘时，则应在文摘之前或之后附以原文献的著录出处。例6中表示三种不同的编排方法。有关引文的详细编排方法，参见文献工作-供参考的文献题录-基本标目与辅助标目。

3文献卡

如果文摘及其著录出处的编排格式又能适用于文献卡，那是非常理想的。最好是“文献专页”和附于某一文献的文献卡都采用硬卡片制成，但若采用与出版物同一种纸张印刷，则应都印刷在同一页面上，以便剪下后装帧到空白卡片上。

4文摘的完整性、准确性与长度

既然文摘必须使读者无需参阅原文献便能看懂，那么，文摘应该具有自含性，但必须保持原文献的基本信息与格调。文摘既应力求简明，其内容又须符合要求，便不能因此而晦涩难解。即使必要，背景介绍也力求简短。不得将原文献本身未含的信息或主张写入文摘之内。

对于大部分论文和专著中的各章(篇)，其文摘少于250个词是适宜的。对于札记、短讯，少于100个词己足，至于编者按语或读者来信，其文摘通常只需一句话。对于报告及学位论文等较长文献，其文摘一般也应少于500个词，最好能短到在一页版面上登完。文摘的长短不取决于原文的长短，而取决于它的内容。

5文体

除非在文摘前的文献标题中己确切地反映该文献的主题思想，否则在文摘的一开头就应写明反映该文献主题内容的主题句。如果从文献标题、出版者说明或文摘其他部分三者之中都不能看清文献的类型，则应在文摘(特别是为二次应用而编写或改写的文摘)中及早写清。应说明作者对论题的论述方式或文献性质。例如，理论性论述、病例分析、科学发展动态报告、回顾性综述、原始研究报告、读者来信、文献调研等等。

6段落完整句

短文摘只需一整段，长文摘则可多于一段。文摘要用完整句撰写，并宜采用转接词或词组加以连接，以求连贯。在文摘正文之后可标引出一连串用标点符号分隔的关键词，这些关键词可以代替本拟另行编写的指示性文摘。

7主动态动词与人称代词的用法

应尽量采用主动语记、因主动语态有助于文字的清晰、简洁及有力的表达。然而，在指示性甚至报道性陈述中，为强调动作承受者，也需采用被动态动词。除非采用第一人称可避免语句结构繁琐累赘从而更易于理解，否则，一般均采用第三人称。

8专用名词(术语)

应从正文中选用有利于计算机原文检索的实义词。

避免选用人们不熟悉的术语、首字母缩略词、编造词或符号。若必须采用时，则应在它们首次在文摘中出现时指明其意义。要尽可能使用iso(国际标准化组织)规定的单位、符号和名词术语。若无国际标准可循的话，则可采用国家标准。

9非文字材料

代写论文说，简短表格、方程式、结构式及图形等，只有在因为简洁和明晰而必须采用且又别无其他变通办法可用时，才可在文摘中采用。

以上内容，只是小编个人拙见，若有介绍不清楚的，可以联系中国论文榜客服。

文体学论文文献 文体学论文演讲的篇二

a stylistic analysis of the speech i have a dream

course: english stylistics and rhetoric lecturer: zhang xuhong credit: 2 time of assigned on 28/11/2013 time of submission:19/12/2013 student no:2010010225 name:杜敏

class:(grade 2001)class 1english dept, harbin normal univ.从文体学的角度分析演讲稿《我有一个梦》

杜敏

摘要：本文根据文体学理论从文体手段角度试图对美国著名黑人领袖马丁.路德.金的著名演讲《我有一个梦》中所使用的文体手段进行了详尽的分析，作者在此基础上进而对演讲文体的风格进行了简要的论述。本研究对演讲稿的文体风格的选用具有启示作用。

关键词：文体学；文体学理论；文体手段；文体的风格；分析；演讲

a stylistic analysis of the speech i have a dream

dumin

abstract: on the base of the definition of stylistics, this thesis gives a detailed analysis of some the of stylistic devices used in the famous speech by the well-known american civil rights movement leader martin luther king, jr., and then probes into the stylistic characteristics of speech as a words: stylistics, stylistic devices, analysis, uction as an interdisciplinary field of study, stylistics promises to offer useful insights into literary criticism and the teaching of literature with its explicit aims and effective is very useful in the analysis of various styles of this thesis, the author tries to offer a stylistic analysis of the famous speech by martin luther king, jr.i have a uction: definition of stylistics and stylistic analysis as far as the definition of stylistics is concerned different scholars define the branch of study in different defines stylistics simply as “ the study of style”(1989:437), while widdowson provides a more informative definition as “the study of literary discourse from a linguistic orientation” and takes “a view that what distinguishes stylistics from literary criticism on the one hand and linguistics on the other is that it is essentially a means of linking the two”(1975:3).leech holds a similar defines stylistics as the “study of the use of language in literature”(1969:1)and considers stylistics a “meeting-ground of linguistics and literary study”(1969:2).from what widdowson and leech say, we can see that stylistics is an area of study that straddles two disciplines: literary criticism and takes literary discourse(text)as its object of study and uses linguistics as a means to that tic analysis is generally concerned with the uniqueness of a text;that is, what it is that is peculiar to the uses of language in a literary text for delivering the naturally involves comparisons of the language of the text with that used in conventional types of ticians may also wish to characterize the style of a literary text by systematically comparing the language uses in that text with those in ay points out, “the text may be seen as „this‟ in contrast with „that‟, with another poem or another novel;stylistics studies are essentially comparative in nature…”(1971:341).on this points, widdowson is of the same opinion as says：“all literary appreciation is comparative, as indeed is a recognition of styles in general”(1975:84).thus, we may conclude that stylistic analysis is an activity that is highly comparative in nature.2.a stylistic analysis of the speech(an analysis of some of the stylistic devices used in the luther king‟s speech of august 28, 1963 is widely regarded as one of the most powerful ever delivered in the united gh this address was delivered orally, it was read from a written text composed with great is an example of formal english with a convincing are some of the stylistic devices(which maybe considered traditionally as rhetorical devices)used by dr king to inspire and persuade.2.1 repetition throughout the speech, repeats words and is a very outstanding feature in this speech called belongs to the stylistic device of syntactic term repetition is restricted to mean the case of exact copying of a certain previous unit in a text such as a word, phrase or even a sentence(leech, 1969), because all the over-regular features in literature are in some sense in speech, repetition not only makes it easy for the audience to follow what the speaker is saying, but also gives a strong rhythmic quality to the speech and makes it more paragraphs 8 through 16, for example, king uses the words “i have a dream” nine repetition helps to achieve the function of coherence in discourse and the function of reinforcement in mood and emotion, expressing the speaker‟s strong emotion of longing for freedom, justice, righteousness and a much more united nation of all of god‟s we study the whole speech more carefully, it is easy for us to find many other examples of repetition used.(1)but one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the negro is still not hundred years later, the life of the negro(2)is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of hundred years later, the negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material hundred years later, the negro is still languishing in the corners of american society and finds himself an exile in his own the phrase “one hundred years later” has been repeated three times, seemingly indicating that it is really a long time for the negro to wait for the coming of the time of justice and righteousness.(3)but we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.(par.4)(4)now is the time to make real the promises of is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of god‟s is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.(par.4)in this short passage, the clause “now is the time to…” has been used four times to emphasize the fierce urgency of “now” and to encourage and persuade the blacks to take immediate action to rise above and gain their own rights and freedom.2.2 use of parallelism parallelism is another syntactic means exact repetition in equivalent differs from simple repetition in that the identity does not extend to absolute duplication, it “requires some variable feature of the pattern-some contrasting elements which are „parallel‟ with respect to their position in the pattern”(leech, 1969:66).to put it simply, parallelism means the balancing of sentence elements that are grammatically take them parallel, balance nouns with nouns, verbs with verbs, prepositional phrases with prepositional phrases, clauses with clauses, and so his speech, martin luther king uses parallelism to create a strong rhythm to help the audience line up his are few examples:(5)…by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination…(par.2, two parallel noun phrases)(6)“this is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drag of gradualism.”(par.4, two parallel infinitive phrases: “to engage…to take…”)

(7)“there will be neither rest nor tranquility in america…”(par.5, two parallel nouns joined with “neither…nor”)

it is traditionally believed that parallelism is used for the purpose of emphasizing and enhancing, speech, the ideas expressed by the speaker(or author in written versions), thus always encouraging and inspiring the need not to be very carefully to find out many more examples of parallelism used in king‟s speech and classified as is followed: 2.2.1 parallel nouns:(8)this not was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.(par.3, three parallel nouns as attributive)(9)1963 is not an end, but a beginning(par.5, two parallel nouns joined with “not…but…”)(10)again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.(par.6)2.2.2 parallel noun phrases:(11)so we have to came to cash this check-a check that will give as upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.(par.4)(12)i have a dream that one day on the red hills of georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brother hood(par.10)2.2.3 parallel infinitive phrases:(13)it would be fetal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the negro.(par.5, two parallel infinitive phrases)(14)with this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to straggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.(par.7, five parallel infinitive phrases).2.2.4 parallel prepositional phrases(15)i have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.(par.12)(16)…, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, …(par.25)

el clauses:(17)…, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and(that)their freedom is inextricably bound t our freedom.(par.6, two parallel objective clause)2.3 use of similes and metaphors as two very important types of meaning transference in literature, similes and metaphors are comparisons that show similarities in things that are basically different, which can be used to add vividness and vitality to leech points out, metaphor is associated with a particular rule of transference which may be called the “metaphoric rule”(1969: 151).that is, the figurative meaning is derived from the literal meaning or it is, as it were, the literal hout the speech, king makes extensive use of similes and paragraph 1, for example, king compares the emancipation proclamation to two forms of brilliant light cutting through first-“a joyous daybreak”-compares it to the sunrise, which(in this case)ends “the long night of captivity”.in paragraph 2, he speaks of “the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination,” comparing segregation and discrimination under which the negro people live to the manacles and chains once used on ore, it is very clear that the using of similes and metaphors can definitely add vividness and vitality to writing and make it easy for the readers or audience to let‟s cite some of the similes and metaphors used in king‟s speech.(18)one hundred years later, the negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.(par.2, metaphors)(19)but we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity for this nation(par.4, metaphors)(20)this is no time … to take the tranquilizing drag of gradualism.(par.4, metaphor)2.4 use of contrast although maybe a rhetorical device instead of a stylistic one, contrast has also been used effectively, like repetition, in this speech, achieving the function of making clear the ideas of the paragraph l, for example, “great beacon light of hope” is contrasted with “flames of withering injustice,” and “joyous daybreak” with long night of captivity.”

as it is defined, contrast is used to show the difference between two ore, it is not very difficult for us to understand why the speaker king uses so many contrasts in his speech.(21)one hundred years later, the negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.(par.2)(22)now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.(par.4)(23)now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood(par.4)

conclusion

as we have analyzed above, stylistic devices are frequently used in the discourse of literary works especially in speech, to achieve certain specific making the style of a speech somewhat particular to the lly speaking, a speech may have the following stylistic characteristics: to begin with, it must be very the sentence patterns are very well-organized, with repetitions, parallelism and contrasts frequently ly, it should be emotional so as to be convincing, because the speaker should face the audience directly and his words should not only be orderly and informative but also be expressive and ore, the stylistic devices such as similes and metaphors are often y, in many cases, written-conversational style is usually used with not very formal diction and not very complicated sentence nce [1].martin luther king, jr., i have a dream, august 28, 1963 [2].wang shouyuan, essentials of english stylistics, shandong university press, july, 2000 [3].pan shaozhang, english rhetoric and writing, shanghai transportation university press, december, 1998 [4].widdowson, tics and the teaching of literature, longman, 1975

[5].leech, g.n.“ „this bread i break‟ language and interpretation”.in n.(ed.).linguistics and literature york:holt, rinhart