美国哥伦比亚大学全球排名(7篇)

美国哥伦比亚大学全球排名篇一

columbia university was founded in 1754 as king's college by royal charter of king george ii of england. it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of new york and the fifth oldest in the united states.

controversy preceded the founding of the college, with various groups competing to determine its location and religious affiliation. advocates of new york city met with success on the first point, while the anglicans prevailed on the latter. however, all constituencies agreed to commit themselves to principles of religious liberty in establishing the policies of the college.

in july 1754, samuel johnson held the first classes in a new schoolhouse adjoining trinity church, located on what is now lower broadway in manhattan. there were eight students in the class. at king's college, the future leaders of colonial society could receive an education designed to "enlarge the mind, improve the understanding, polish the whole man, and qualify them to support the brightest characters in all the elevated stations in life." one early manifestation of the institution's lofty goals was the establishment in 1767 of the first american medical school to grant the m.d. degree.

the american revolution brought the growth of the college to a halt, forcing a suspension of instruction in 1776 that lasted for eight years. however, the institution continued to exert a significant influence on american life through the people associated with it. among the earliest students and trustees of king's college were john jay, the first chief justice of the united states; alexander hamilton, the first secretary of the treasury; gouverneur morris, the author of the final draft of the u.s. constitution; and robert r. livingston, a member of the five-man committee that drafted the declaration of independence.

国王学院在创立之前争议就已存在，各个团体竞相决定其选址和宗教归属。在争议开始的时候，占上风的是纽约市派，往后圣公会信徒的观点占了主导。尽管如此，所有的拥护者都同意在指定学院政策的过程中坚持宗教自由的原则。

1754年，塞缪尔·约翰逊在三一教堂附件的新校舍开了第一堂课，新校舍的地点即在今天的曼哈顿百老汇。第一堂课都八名学生。在国王学院，殖民社会的未来领袖可以接受这样的教育，即“扩展眼界、增进理解、修炼完人，使之有资格自持生命中所有高雅身份的最显眼的品质。”国王学院的崇高目标最初的显现是在1767年。1767年，国王学院成立了美国第一所医学院，授予医学博士学位。

美国独立战争让国王学院的成长陷于停滞，导致学院在1776年停课，长达八年之久。不过，在这期间，国王学院继续通过学院相关人士对美国生活施加重要的影响。在国王学院最早的学生和受托人中，有约翰·杰伊：美国第一任首席法官;亚历山大·汉密尔顿：第一任财政部长;古弗尼尔·莫里斯：美国宪法终稿作者;和罗伯特-r-来温斯顿：《独立宣言》五人组委员会成员。

the college reopened in 1784 with a new name—columbia—that embodied the patriotic fervor that had inspired the nation's quest for independence. the revitalized institution was recognizable as the descendant of its colonial ancestor, thanks to its inclination toward anglicanism and the needs of an urban population, but there were important differences: columbia college reflected the legacy of the revolution in the greater economic, denominational, and geographic spanersity of its new students and leaders. cloistered campus life gave way to the more common phenomenon of day students who lived at home or lodged in the city.

in 1857, the college moved from park place, near the present site of city hall, to forty-ninth street and madison avenue, where it remained for the next forty years. during the last half of the nineteenth century, columbia rapidly assumed the shape of a modern university. the columbia school of law was founded in 1858. the country's first mining school, a precursor of today's fu foundation school of engineering and applied science, was established in 1864 and awarded the first columbia ph.d. in 1875.

when seth low became columbia's president in 1890, he vigorously promoted the university ideal for the college, placing the fragmented federation of autonomous and competing schools under a central administration that stressed cooperation and shared resources. barnard college for women had become affiliated with columbia in 1889; the medical school came under the aegis of the university in 1891, followed by teachers college in 1893. the development of graduate faculties in political science, philosophy, and pure science established columbia as one of the nation's earliest centers for graduate education. in 1896, the trustees officially authorized the use of yet another new name, columbia university, and today the institution is officially known as columbia university in the city of new york.

国王学院在1784年重新开放，并且有了新的名字——哥伦比亚学院。这个名字体现了当时激励美国人寻求独立的爱国狂热。这个焕发生机的学院由于其圣公会倾向和城市人口需求，被认可为殖民祖先的继承者。不过也存在重要的差别：哥伦比亚学院反映的是革命的遗产，这体现在其新生和领导在经济、宗派和地理等方面的多元性中。与世隔绝般的校园生活逐渐为更加常见的走读现象代替。走读生们住在自己家里，或寄居在城里。

1857年，哥伦比亚学院从公园广场(临近现在的市政厅)迁到了麦迪逊大道四十九号街，在这里待了四十年。19世纪下半叶，哥伦比亚学院很快有了现代大学的雏形。哥伦比亚法学院于1858年成立。美国第一所矿物学校，也是今天的 fu foundation 工程与应用科学学院的前身，则成立于1864年，并于1875年颁发了第一个哥伦比亚博士学位。

瑟斯·劳1890年成为哥伦比亚学院校长，大力推进了学院的大学理念。他将各个分散的存在竞争的自治学校统一到中央管理，强化了合作和资源共享。在这样的管理下，巴纳德女子学院于1889年归属于哥伦比亚学院，医学院1891年得到了哥伦比亚学院庇护，随后归属则是1893年的教育学院。研究生院在政治学、哲学、纯粹科学领域的发展使哥伦比亚学院成为了美国创办最早的研究生教育中心之一。1896年，董事会正式批准使用另外一个新的名字，即今天的哥伦比亚大学。

美国哥伦比亚大学全球排名篇二

architecture, planning